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Rev. salud pública ; 10(supl.1): 58-71, dic. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-511583

ABSTRACT

Objetivo Identificar inequidades en el acceso a los servicios de salud derivadas de la pertenencia étnica en Bogotá. Metodología En el 2007 se realizaron 39 entrevistas a profundidad y seis grupos focales con integrantes de los grupos étnicos. Los hallazgos cualitativos se contrastaron con los resultados del procesamiento estadístico de datos provenientes de la Encuesta Calidad de Vida 2003 y la ficha de caracterización de la estrategia de Atención Primaria en Salud, denominada Salud a su Hogar en Bogotá, discriminando variables demográficas, socioeconómicas, de necesidades, acceso y resultados en salud. Resultados Se caracterizaron las siguientes etnias: indígenas, negros, raizales isleños y gitanos. Se documentaron diferencias a nivel socioeconómico, educativo, laboral, en el acceso al aseguramiento, utilización de servicios y resultados en salud, que se consideran inequidades relacionadas con las siguientes condiciones determinantes: 1.Discriminación étnica y racial. 2. Diferencias en el estatus social, económico y político y violación de derechos. 3. Interacciones entre inmigración, aculturación y asimilación. Conclusiones Existen inequidades derivadas de la pertenencia étnica en Bogotá en el acceso a los servicios de salud expresadas en desigualdades en el acceso según las necesidades, indicios de violación de derechos, discriminación negativa y falta de adecuación y reconocimiento de las diferencias étnicas.


Objective Identifying inequalities in gaining access to health services resulting from ethnicity in Bogota. Methods 39 in-depth interviews with focus groups and six members of ethnic groups were conducted during 2007. Qualitative findings were contrasted with the results from statistically processing data from the Quality of Life Survey 2003 and characterising the Primary Health Care strategy called "Health in your Home in Bogota", discriminating the following variables: demographic, socio-economic, needs, access and health outcomes. Results The following ethnic groups were characterised: indigenous people, black people, gypsies and islanders. Differences in socioeconomic status, education, employment, access to health insurance, use of health services and outcomes were documented as these were considered to be inequities related to the following determinants: ethnic and racial discrimination, differences in social, economic and political status and violation of rights, interactions between immigration, acculturation and assimilation and differentials exposure. Conclusions There are ethnic inequities in gaining access to health services because there is no adequate access as required; there is violation of rights, discrimination, a lack of adaptation and appreciation of differences. These situations are considered to be examples of cultural and distributive injustice. Ethnicity determines levels of social vulnerability and takes specific forms regarding life, health and disease, thereby becoming a structural determinant of studying ethnic-equity in gaining access to health services.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Ethnicity , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Healthcare Disparities/statistics & numerical data , Colombia , Ethnicity/psychology , Urban Population , Young Adult
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